Heater



Patented May 27, 193

UNITED- 4s'rxrss 'ISRAEL L. PUTNAM, OF YUBA CITY, CALIFORNIA HEATERApplication led February 4, 1929. Serial No. 337,355.

rIhis invention relates in general to an air heater of the hollowvertical type, preferably using gas as a heating medium, ,and has moreparticular reference toa light sheet metal vertical type of heaterhaving a burner at the bottom between two vertical shells or pipes whichare connected at the top to give a large heating surface and to induce anatural flow of air through the heater.

One of the principal objects of the invention is in the provision of asimple, inexpensive, efficient heater ofthe vertical type which occupieslittle'ioor space and causes a natural draft of air which becomes heatedas it passes throughthe heater in the same direction as the heat orgases from the burner.

A further object of the invention is in the provision of a compactheater comprising tubular shells spaced apart at the bottom andconnected at the top to form a decreasing passage which maybe providedwith one or more baffles to retard the flow of the heat or gases fromthe burner at the bottom. Another Vobject is in the provision of a'heater of this type which is adapted to be secured to a wall orsupported from the ground at a distance from a wall. Other objects ofthe invention will appear hereinafter, the drawings illustrating apreferred embodiment of the invention.

In 'the drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a heater of the walltype constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention;and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a floor type of heater with partsbroken away for clearness.'

In many t pes of heaters using oil, gas or the `like'as a eatingelement, the path of gas or heat from the burner is so short that thefull heating effect is not obtained.y This is also true of those heatersin which the burner is located at the center of a relatively large 'fireboX with a short passage to the discharge flue. The present inventionovercomes these diiiiculties by providing a relatively long and narrowpath, with baffles in it if desired in which the heat or gases from theburner are confined between relatively narrow thin walls, graduallyconverging, and preferably made of relatively thin quickly radiatingmaterial such as sheet metal which will give off the heat on both sidesof the sheet of gases, preferably in a circular form and in a directionthe saine as that of the normal passage of the gases themselves.

Referring more particularly to the drawings this heater comprises aninner shell or pipe 4 and an outer shell 5 slightly largelthan the pipet at the bottom but joined to it at the top, making with it a circularpassage gradually converging from bottom to top. The inner pipe 4 ispreferably of uniform diameter and the outer shell frusto-conical andthe same effect may be produced by making the outer shell uniform indiameter and the inner pipe of inverted frusto-conical form. i y

Between the two shells 4 and 5 at the bot-- tom is a burner for oil, gasor the likewhich comprises a pipe 6 with a number of burner outlets ornozzles 7 controlled by an outside valve 8. Between the shellsy andspacing them apart may be one or more baffle rings 9, eachocoinprising aring of lsheet Vmetal with tongues 10 and 11 cut in the outer edgethereof and bent oppositely,y thereby tending to deiiect the heat andgases in a spiral manner in the heating passage. Y

Connected through the outer shell adjacent the top thereof is ahorizontal vent pipe 12 .having a vertical pipe 13 connected theretowith a removable cap or thimble 14 at the `bottom for removingcondensation or dirt l from the vent pipe.

When securing this heater to a Walla sheet metal guard 15 is attached toand vspaced from the outer shell by metal brackets V16 and 17 so that asufficient `air space will be provided between the heater and the guardplate to prevent undue heating of the wall.` In the iioor type of heatershown in Fig. 2 the inner pipe 4 may be extended below the outer shelland the 4lower edge turned upwardly to form a flange 18, andthis lowerprojecting part is provided with. a number of openings 9 19 foradmission of air thereto. If the outer shell is also extended to thesame base, a number of pipe connections will be required between theinner and outer shells at the bottom to admit air to the inside of thepipe 4.

At the bottom of the outer shell is an opening 2O by means of which theburner is lighted, the amount oi heat being controlled by the valve 8.

In this heater the heat or gases from the burner pass from the bottom tothe top, as diverted by the battle rings and in a thin circular ringwhich gradually diminishes in size so that both the inside and outsidewalls are directly heated and present a large heating surface for directContact and radiation ot heat to the surrounding and enclosed air. Thiswill cause a natural circulation of air through the inner pipe frombottom to top in the same direction as the heated gases from the burnerand the direct contact of the air with the thin heated'sheet metalthrough a a path of considerable length will cause a directtransferrence oit' the maximum heat from the metal to the air. Thisheater is adapted for inside and outside use, and wherever used itoperates etiiciently to cause a vnatural circulation of heated air bothinside and outside of the heater.

I claim :y

l. `A heater comprising inner and outer tubular members spaced apart atthe bottom and one inclined toward the other at the top to form aheating chamber gradually diminishing toward the top, and the innermember extending below the outer one and forming the support upon whichthe heater rests, and heating means at the bottom between the members.

2. A vertical tubular heater comprising inner'and outer shells connectedat the top and openv and spaced apart at the bottom, one of thefshellsbeing frustosconical in shape to form a heat chamber diminishing in sizetoward the top, the inner shell being perforatedat the bottom andforming the heater support, anopening in the outer shell adjacent thetop, and heating means at the bottom between the shells.

3'. A tubular sheet metal heater comprising inner and outer shellsconnected together at the top and spaced apart at the bottom, the innershell extending below the outer one and *forming the bottom support andbeing of uniform diameter and the'outer shell being truste-conical inshape with its base at the bottom to form a gradually diminishingheating chamber, an outlet at the top of the outerrshell, and heatingmeans at the bottom between the shells. I

4. A verticalsheet metal heater comprising inner and outer shellsconnected together at the top and spaced apart at the bottom, one of theshells being inclined toward the other to form a heat chamber betweenthem which gradually diminishes in size toward the top', detlectingbattles spaced apart and disposed between the shells intermediate thetop and bottom, a burner at the bottom between the members, the innershell supporting the outer one above the lower end of the inner shelland a flue at the top of the outer shell.

5. In a vertical tubular heater, a pair of shells, one within the otherconnected at the top and spaced apart at the bottom to form aring-shaped passage, the inner shell extending below the outer one andforming the heater support, a burner between the shells at the bottom,an outlet for the chamber at the top, and battlesy inithe passagecomprising ring-shaped disks with circumferential tongues bentoppositely to deflect the heat in its passage from the bottom to the topof the chamber.

6. A vertical tubular heater comprising an inner and outer shell Securedtogether at the top and spaced apart at the bottom to form ayring-shaped heating chamber having an outlet at the top, a ring burnerdisposed be-v tween the shells at the bottom, anda plurality of battlesspaced apart between the shells intermediate the top and bottom withtongues to cause a spiral movement of the heat in the chamber as itpasses from the bottom to the top thereof.

7. A vertical tubular heater composed of sheet metal, shells securedtogether at the top and spaced apart at the bottom forminga heatingchamber gradually diminishing'in size toward' the top, the inner shellresting on its bottom and having perforations near the bottom forming Iafree passage for air in the direction of movement of heat therethrough,

a ring burner between the shells at the bottom, spiral heat deiiectorsspaced apart between the shells intermediate the top and bottom, and anoutlet fory the outer shell adjacent the top.. i

8. ln a vertical tubular heater of the class described, a pairof shellssecured together at theJ top and spaced4 apart at the bottom forming aring-shaped. heat passage, the

`outer shell resting on its bottom and providing an air admission spaceat the bottom of the outer shell, a ring burner atthe bottom between theshells having means outside of the shells for controlling thesupplyoffuel thereto, and thel outer shellbeing provided with an openingadjacent the bottom for -iia lighting the burner from the outsidethereof.

9. ln a vertical tubular heater of the `class described, a pair of sheetmetal shells oo nnected together at the top and spaced apart at thebottom to form a heat' chambergradiially diminishing in size toward thetop,J the inner shell extending below the outer one and resting upon itsbottom to provide an air admission space around the bottom of the outerl shell and also having air admission ports adi* jacent the lower end,a` burnerl betweenl the shells at the bottom, a discharge ventcominunicating through the outer shelly at the top, a wall guard for theburnery having spacing brackets attached Lbetween the outer shell andthe guard to hold the burner a predetermined distance away from the wallto which the guard is attached.

10. In an upright tubular burner of the class described, a pair ofshells secured together at the top and spaced apart at the bottom,forming a circular heat chamber gradually diminishing in size toward thetop, a burner at the bottom between the shells, the inner shellextending below the outer one and resting upon its bottom to provide anair admission space around the bottom of the outer shell and also havinair admission ports adjacent the lower en and the upper end of the innershell being open to allow heated air to escape therefrom.

ISRAEL L. PUTNAM.

